Lubrication of internal-combustion engines.



P. A. POPPE.

LUBRICATION OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 24. 1913- 1 9 1 1 8 47, Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

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LUBRIOATION OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED $EPT. 24, 1913.

Patented Nov. 24-, 1914.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PETER A. POPPE, 0F COVENTRY, ENGLAND.

LUBBICATION OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters-Patent.

Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

Application filed September 24, 1913. Serial No. 791,449.

be employed in the lubrication system so that oil is deliveredto eachbearing, etc., in turn, but with the usual arrangement a considerableamount of piping is necessary to connect the distributer to the variousparts to be lubricated, which is obviated in an extremely simple mannerby the present invention. Accordingly, the oil is supplied to a hollowrotating or oscillating shaft, and the shaft is formed with portopenings as close as is possible, or convenient, to the parts to belubricated, and each of these in turn, as the shaft rotates, comes intoregister with passages along which the oil is delivered. The hollowshaft therefore constitutes an oil pipe running lengthwise of theengine, and also a distributer. Conveniently the hollow shaft may beconstituted by one or both of the engine cam shafts, and

it is naturally preferred that oil passages be formed in the bearingbushes of such shaft so that these bushes are lubricated simultaneouslywith those of the crank shaft or other parts to which the oil isdelivered.

- In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section ofpart of a four cylinder internal combustion engine, representingdiagrammatically one method of carrying out this invention. Fig. 2 1s avertical section through part of the valve mechanism of an internalcombustion engine illustrating another application of the invention,while Fig. 3 is a sectlonal view of a part shown in Fig. 2, the valverocker being in a different position.

Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

In the case shown in, Fig. 1 the cam shaft A is arranged slightly abovethe engine crank shaft B as is usual, and the cam shaft is hollow,receiving oil from a supply pipe C which by means of asuitableconnection at D has an oil tight joint with the rotating cam shaft. Boththe cam shaft and the crank shaft are in. this case represented as beingmounted in three bearings,

one at each end with the third in the cen--v ter, and" the oil admittedto the hollow cam shaft is delivered to each of the cam shaft and crankshaft hearings in turn. Adjacent to each cam shaft bearing is formed aport opening E in the shaft, and at a certain point in the revolution ofthe crank shaft each port opening is adapted to register with an oilduct F so that the oil in the cam shaft is supplied to the crank .shaftbearings.

The crank shaft bearings are represented as being supplied with oilunder pressure, a duct F communicating direct with the bearing bushes J.Where pressure feed-to the bearings is desirable, it will be clear thatthis invention complies with requirements in an extremely simple manner.E when not in register with the ducts F supply lubricant under pressureto the adjacent cam shaft bearings, and once er revolution to the crankshaft bearing. y increasing the number of port openings the supply oflubricant may be increased and it is preferable that the port be soarranged that the crank shaft bearings are supplied with oil during, orjust prior to, the period when they receive the greatest load.

In many cases oil is required at some other point, such as the cylinderwalls. In such instances port openings in the cam shaft may be adaptedto communicate with branch pipes, of which one, K,,is illustrated, andthese pipes may lead to any suitable point. In the case of cylinder walllubrication this invention may be most usefully employed as the oil maybe fed to a point in the cylinder The ports may be so situated that theoil isonly supplieid when the cylinder wall oil inlet is covere Where anengine with the cylinders arranged in rows at an angle to one another isemployed the invention may be well applied to the cam shaft which isarranged centrally between the cylinders. The oil may be fed to the pipeC either by gravity or by a pump in any well-known manner; It is notessential that the shaft employed be the main engine cam shaft. Anysuitable shaft may be utilized, and the invention may be applied toother parts of the engine, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 which illustrate anengine valve L which is opened by the movement of a rocker M through themedium of a push rod N. The rocker is hollow, as also is the pivot 0upon which it is mounted. ..The pivot and the bush are both formed withport openings P which are in and out of register according to thepositions of the rocker. The pin at B may be similarly provided withport openings, and it will be clear that the oil supplied to the hollowpivot O is caused, when the rocker is in the position illustrated inFig. 3, to lubricate the pivot of the rocker. With the rocker in theposition illustrated in Fig. 2 the oil travels to the pivot R andlubricates this. It then travels down the hollow push rod N to anysuitable point such as the engine crank chamber. In a multicylinderengine the pivot 0 may be constituted by a tubular shaft connected .tothe oil supply. It will be obvious that in place of using one of theordinary engine shafts a specialshaft may be provided;

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an internal combustion engine, a hollow shaft having port openingstherein, means for supplying oil under pressure thereto, a sleevesurrounding said shaft and having port openings communicating with theparts to be lubricated, means for causing relative angular movementbetween said 3 shaft and said sleeve, and for causing the openings inthe shaft to register one at a time with those in the sleeve.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a hollow shaft having port openingstherein, means for supplying oil under pressure thereto, bearings forsaid shaft having port openings communicating with the parts to belubricated, and means for causing said openings to register one at atime with the port openings in the shaft.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a hollow rotating cam shaft havingport openings therein, means for supplying oil under pressure thereto,bearings for said shaft having port openings communicating with theparts to be lubricated, and adapted to register one at a time with theport openings in the shaft.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

P. A. POPPE.

Witnesses:

ANTON HAUCHE, R. LEHMANN OLSEN.

